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Does a cool May foretell a cool Summer?

May average temperatures (departures from normal) for New York Central Park, NY (NYC) are compared to Summer average temperatures (departures from normal). Climatological Summer is defined as June/July/August, normal is the 1971-2000 average, above normal is any positive anomaly, below normal is any negative anomaly, and exactly normal is no anomaly, ie 0.0 degrees.



Average Temperatures and Departures for NYC over 35 years (Degrees Fahrenheit)
Season May Departure JUN-AUGDeparture
197161.3-1.7 76.01.2
197263.30.3 73.5-1.3
197359.5-3.5 76.11.3
197460.9-2.1 74.2-0.6
197565.82.8 73.5-1.3
197660.2-2.8 74.1-0.7
197765.02.0 75.00.2
197861.5-1.5 73.8-1.0
197965.32.3 74.3-0.5
198065.62.6 76.61.8
198164.81.8 75.81.0
198264.11.1 73.2-1.6
198360.1-2.9 76.92.1
198461.6-1.4 75.30.5
198565.22.2 73.4-1.4
198666.03.0 73.5-1.3
198763.60.6 75.00.2
198862.6-0.4 76.61.8
198962.1-0.9 73.6-1.2
199060.2-2.8 74.7-0.1
199168.75.7 76.31.5
199261.0-2.0 72.4-2.4
199365.62.6 76.82.0
199461.8-1.2 76.21.4
199561.9-1.1 76.51.7
199661.1-1.9 73.1-1.7
199759.4-3.6 73.3-1.5
199864.31.3 74.1-0.7
199963.00.0 76.71.9
200063.50.5 72.0-2.8
200163.60.6 74.90.1
200260.7-2.3 76.01.2
200358.7-4.3 73.6-1.2
200465.22.2 73.3-1.5
200558.9-4.1 77.12.3
200663.10.1 74.90.1
Normal May is 63.0 - Normal JJA is 74.8


Analysis of above table

Number of times out of 35 years that:
ConditionNumber of TimesPercentage
A cold May is followed by a cold Summer925.0%
A warm May is followed by a warm Summer822.2%
A cold May is followed by a warm Summer925.0%
A warm May is followed by a cold Summer925.0%
A normal May is followed by a warm Summer12.8%
Note: cold = below normal and warm = above normal


Thus, in the above analysis, we see that 47.2% of the time, an above normal May is followed by an above normal Summer and below normal May is followed by a below normal Summer, while 50.0% of the time, above is followed by a below (and vice versa).






The following graph shows the departures from normal for May and Summer average temperatures, plotted against each other. The numbers were sorted in ascending order of May departures, to see if there was any type of grouping or correlation. The correlation coefficient is -0.0332, which is not statistictly significant enough to use as a forecasting tool.



Does a cold May foretell a cold Summer? *

The answer clearly appears to be no. While long range Summer temperatures can be predicted using a variety of forecasting methods, they can not be predicted strictly using the preceding May as a forecasting tool, and doing so has no scientific basis. - schultz@weather2000.com



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* - In the event that this research shall be proven to be inaccurate and that this inaccuracy shall have been caused by the act or default of the author or Weather 2000, Inc., then the liability of the author or Weather 2000, Inc., shall be none. Under no circumstances shall the author or Weather 2000, Inc., be liable to compensate or indemnify any party, for or in respect of, any consequential loss or damage sustained by any such party as a result of the inaccuracy of this research.